Facebook

facebook is a social is a social network service which was founded by Mark Zuckerberg in February 2004. This is the most commonly used website with over 600million active users according to the report given in January 2011. This is considered to have created a very strong network of communication with its capability to connect people across the world. The services have both negative and positive effects to the individuals, families and societies since it is accessed by all the people irrespective of the age and experience. The study below concerns the major effects and consequences of this network service to the society at large.

Effects or consequences of Facebook on the society

Humans are social beings thus there is need for them top keep connected or have a good network to socialize with each other. According to the results of the study on Compete.com done in January 2009, Facebook was ranked to be the most used social network and it has more benefits than just communicating but also provision of essential information in communication. It is the best and the most powerful tool for collaboration and interaction between people or friends. Considering from the sociological perspective Facebook sites are considered to improve social capital which is particularly essential in striking up a conversation or enabling people to access information from the internet. A study carried out in Michigan State University found that the services are beneficial especially for eth individuals with low self esteem and less self satisfaction. From the psychological perspective, the site enables the individuals to meet and share with the others with common interests hence share the experiences and get motivated or gain knowledge to handle life issues (Goldman, 2008 p. 7).

Facebook makes up a cheaper way of keeping up with friends by reinforcing the existing ones or expansion of the network by enabling the creation of new ones. Each individual member has a profile page on which he or she invites all the people to be their friends. They post ideas on their walls to be shared amongst the friends and those of their friends and also have a chance of accessing what their friends have to share thus more and diverse information and knowledge is shared. It also serves to strengthen the bonds especially between the individuals who do not have enough physical contact or have not enough time for direct interaction. This is possible by providing individual information as well as views and opinions thus the others may be able to learn more concerning the individuals.

other than the benefits these social services also have disadvantages on the society. Excess usage of these social sites is resulting to the increase in the societal crime rates especially those relating to immorality or sexual abuse. There is no age description of the individuals who are qualified to hold accounts on the Facebook thus the young children, the teenagers and the adults all share the information that is posted on the profiles. The young people access and put in practice ideas which are far much below their standards. Some of these may be pornographic materials which may abuse the young children. Excessively exposing of the information concerning people for example, their occupation is having effects on the societal crime rates for instance the robbery and carjacking because the criminals will be able to identify the individuals of their focus and monitor their movement depending on the information that they provide (Martínez, 2009 p. 73-82).

Although these networks are considered as an effective links for the distance relationships by connecting the individuals, it also has negative effects on the relationships. This is resulting to wrong decisions because the individuals may be influenced to be engaged in bad relationships. Most of the people who use these websites do not express their original characters but mostly try to show the best. Some of these relationships may not last because the parties are forced to separate when they learn the true characters of the others. The individuals also blame each other for being unfaithful through by accessing the information that they share with the others.

disable people

Disability is usually defined as “a loss or restriction of functional ability or activity as a result of body or mind”. (Oxford English Dictionary) As a result of a definition like this disability is seen as a problem.

   It has been widely accepted that disabled people generally have fewer opportunities and a lower quality of life than non-disabled people. Any action taken to remove the disadvantage suffered by disabled people depends on what is believed to be the cause.
There are two main ideas of what causes the disadvantage namely: 
  • the medical (or individual) model of disability, 
  • the social model of disability.

   The medical model sees the inability of disabled people to join in society as a direct result of the impairment and not the result of the features of our society which can be changed. When individuals such as managers think in this way they concentrate on ‘compensating’ them for what is ‘wrong’ with their bodies.

   According to this model the role of the professional is to assess the individual and help them function as near normal as is possible for them, to help them adapt psychologically and physically, to help them by treatment and rehabilitation to achieve the level of physical and intellectual functioning they are capable of. It also sees the professional as the expert. This model also controversially agrees with screening and termination of pregnancy to prevent a disabled child being born. 
The social model of disability makes the crucial distinction between ‘impairment’ and ‘disability’.

   The social model sees disability as a result of the social and physical environment which creates unequal outcomes for people with impairments compared to able bodied people. The negative attitudes of professionals towards disabled people has led to discrimination and internalised oppression. 
The social model has been developed by disabled people who feel that the individual model does not provide an adequate explanation for their exclusion from mainstream society. Within the social model the key definitions are:
Impairment – an injury, illness or congenital condition that causes or is likely to cause a long term effect on physical appearance and/or limitation of function within the individual that differs from the common place.

Disability – the loss or limitation of opportunities to take part in society on an equal level with others due to social and environmental barriers.
The medical model of disability encourages explanations in terms of the features of the body’s limitations whereas, the social model encourages explanations in terms of the characteristics of society.

   There are two unintended consequences that as a result of using the medical model of disability. Firstly the medical model says that the person’s disability effects their day-to-day activities but it doesn’t take into account how social factors effect their daily routine i.e. ability to walk has an impact and is recognised by this model but so does inaccessible transport which is not recognised by this model. Secondly the medical model appears to state that it is ‘normal’ to see, speak and hear but by omitting activities such as British Sign Language and Braille it theoretically labels them as ‘abnormal’.

Parents

The bond between parents and children is incredibly strong. A main reason is that parents and children are linked because of their ties of blood. This unique tie distinguishes it from any other interpersonal relationships. The love between parents and children is special. It grows for so many years without judgment, without limit. Our parents simply love us beyond all bounds. They love all the things belong to us, not only our strengths and gifts but also our weaknesses and faults. This strong love is from parent's hearts, there is no interests mixed in it at all. It is such a pure and exquisite emotion that parents will do things for their children that no one else would dream of. They give completely selfless devotion to their children. You could ask a parent if he or she would cut off an arm for a child and without hesitation, even thinking, he or she would answer yes. You could also ask a mother about her rage if someone does her children harm. I think it will be an unusual rage that we who don't have such experience can imagine. We often see and hear some moving things, for example, one mother saved her child desperately in an sudden accident, regardless of her own life. This is what we called great love of mother, I think.

I think parents are the most important factor in their children's lives. Whether they are with their children two hours a day or twelve, parents are special to children. They make the most difference during their childhood. Furthermore, they make the great impact on the rest of their lives. As I have mentioned above, parent's love towards their children is a strong feeling that it is even beyond life. But usually they keep this beyond-life feeling deep in their minds. What parents do most for their children are ordinary, small and mundane. It is true that parents are the first teachers in their children's lives. They, as living examples, influence their children little by little, step by step. Mostly, they help children conduct their daily lives, help them with their manners, with homework, with habits, with their sense of right and wrong, of justice and morals. They teach their children in the ways that they can understand, for instance, through discipline, play, explanation and talking. Take me as an example, when I was a little girl, my mother asked me to set the table every evening. This helped me to know "to gain something, you should also put in your work". And when I grew up a little, my parents let me feed a cat at home. At the same time, I learned about the responsibilities that come with ownership. You see, it was through these small and common things, I have learnt the codes of conduct and developped my attitude towards life.

Gender

Genetically, a male is made up of XY chromosomes and a female is made up of XX chromosomes. A baby is born genetically set up to be either male or female. After birth a child is identified by his or her physical assignment and expected to remain within the role of their gender. A child is born physically assigned either male or female, but biologically, the child may be different in terms of gender identity. A child’s gender identity doesn’t always match the expected gender role causing confusion....  
     
As we review this article concerning the position of a man who is working to provide a living for his family, he has to choose if he wants to have a strong marriage or enough money. Often times the lack of time spent together in marriage has been link to the reversal of roles. Women are now choosing to work to help support the family so that their marriages will not suffer. We have determined the role of the male to be defined as one of a provider and extreme masculinity. The man is the one that provides financially, has the upper hand, has the finally say, and is to be revered as well as feared....

Gadgets

Gadgets are electronically simplified applications that make work easy. They play a significant role in the common man's life and we have grown so used to it that it becomes very difficult for us to think of daily life chores in the absence of gadgets. Ranging from a washing machine, a chimney or an electric hub, the churner or simply the television set; gadgets have invaded each and every part of our life and have proved themselves to be useful.

Gadgets and their importance
1. Gadgets increase our efficiency. Before the invention of the telephone or the more recent e-mails, sending messages and letters would take days to reach its destination. The soft wares used for application in the internet and the telecommunication are nothing but technical gadgets. These gadgets actually have increased human productivity in terms of work and made the world a better place to live in.
2. A gadget brings joy to the family. With the advent of web-cam and other video accessories, staying away from family and friends is no longer painful. These gadgets can make distant things come near and makes human accessibility very easy.
3. Gadgets make things compact- Take the example of a Swiss Army knife. It can be used as a spoon, knife, twizzer, bottle opener, fork etc. In a single gadget a user can get the function of more than one product.
4. They help in saving space. Initially in the early years of telecommunication the wired handsets could be positioned at a prescribed position only for connectivity. With advent in technology, mobiles were invented that allowed users the freedom to access calls when moving around. With a blackberry one can also avail internet facilities when moving around.
5. Gadgets are fun! iPods, music systems, video games, DVD and most important of all the popular idiot box of ours-"TV" need no introduction as to how enjoyable have they made our lives. These technical gadgets have the power to make us smile by having access to our emotions and needs. They are instruments that can ward off the feelings of loneliness. They are so fun that it actually becomes very essential to integrate them with our lives.
So, gadgets not only make our lives easier but also save our money and precious time. Buying a single gadget will give us the functions of many. This makes gadgets cheap and affordable. It can therefore be concluded that gadgets are not only important because they make our lives easy but also because we can play with them.

Emotional development

“Emotional Development” is an article written by Janice Zeman. This article explains the different stages of emotions found in adolescence. The study of emotional development is not a popular area to experiment on because it is difficult to determine inner emotions. Zeman descibes different studies and theories of emotional development and behavior throughout children’s different stages of life. All the theories are different but answer the same question; Are emotions learned or biologically pre-determined?
  The problem with observing younger children is that you can not study inner emotions or experiences, so scientists monitor and interpret facial expressions. Facial expressions appear intuitively but scientists are not sure whether infants actually experience emotions or if the facial expressions are learned from their parents. Within six to ten months, a baby will show a smile and determining on the parent’s reinforcement than the baby will smile more or less. After the first smile it is easier for the infant to show other types of emotions. Caregivers interact with the baby with slow and exaggerated motions; the interaction between the baby and their guardian is how the baby expresses their emotions.   As the infant is able to express their own emotions, they will be able to recognize emotions of others. At this point it is still unclear to scientists whether infants express their own emotions or if they are imitating their guardian’s emotions.
When a child turns 2, that is when they learn to express shame, embarassment, empathy and pride. However, these emotions are learned from their culture and enviroment. Children at the age of 2 learn to show that they are under distress by physical contact with thir guardian. When guardians use comforting language towards a child under distress, it allows the child to regulate their negative emotions and helps them calm down.

facts about human psychology

1. In Greek myth, many of the ills that plagued mankind were creatures of emotion, such as revenge, spite, and envy. Released by the goddess Pandora, they sought to torment the world.^e
2. Ancient doctors believed that different organs controlled certain moods. Happiness, for example, came from the heart, anger from the liver, and fear from the kidneys.^c
3. Studies show that connecting a brand to a consumer on emotional level is one of the most powerful advertising techniques. For example, Nike’s pervasive theme of “success in sports” focuses on a key emotional trigger and that has built sponsorships, advertising, and business empires.^b
4. In the 17th century, René Descartes viewed the body’s emotional apparatus as largely hydraulic. He believed that when a person felt angry or sad it was because certain internal valves opened and released such fluids as bile and phlegm.^a
5. In the English language, there are more than 400 words assigned to emotions and sentiments.^d
6. A study in the Journal of Consumer Research notes that people who think more abstractly respond better to ads that portray mixed emotions compared to those who think at a more concrete level.^b
Clothing both affects and reflects emotional states
7. A recent study suggests a strong correlation between wearing certain clothes and emotional states. For example, it revealed that women who are depressed or sad are more likely to wear baggy tops, sweatshirts, or jeans. Women who had more positive emotions were more likely to wear a favorite dress or jewelry and generally look nicer

Entertainment

Entertainment is the process of getting joys,happiness,fun,etc. which makes people go wild.It helps to reduce stress,tension and helps to bring a new life in a person.entertainment itself sounds so wild full of fun,excitement and madness. Entertainment play a dynamic and vital role in or daily life and teaches us how to be happy and how to have a show your madness on your body cause entertainment never sleeps.

It is a known fact that there is a great proliferation of entertainment options. There are so many forms of entertainment targeted towards children for different purposes such as educational, informative, or pure entertainment purposes. For this reason, a lot of parents find it hard to censor what their wards view and are thus in a dilemma over making choices for program view. Despite this fact, parents should be responsible, and not necessarily the media, for ensuring that the children view appropriate content.

Firstly, parents are responsible for their children. The choices the children make are largely influenced by the parent’s views. As such, parents are in a solid position to ensure that at each time their children make a choice, those choices would be approved by the parent. The parent can thus note which entertainment content would be suitable for the child and which would not, thus shielding against wrong influences.

Secondly, the media industry is known as a for-profit organization, and its focus will be more on maximizing share-holders’ profits than on ensuring the suitability of programs being produced. For this reason, the media cannot be made fully responsible for ensuring standards as a lot of energy would be focused more on promoting the production than on ensuring the production is suitable for the target audience. An independent body, not burdened by the maximizing profit, would be more suitable for such a task. As an example, the bodies responsible for censoring viewing content came about because the guardians of consumers clamored for censorship. If the clamor had not occurred, a lot of unsuitable programs would have been aired with no qualms.

Music

Music is entertainment.It all starts from the eight octaves and where it ends nobody knows. Its limits are infinite as the universe its joy is like a never exploding balloon, and it’s passim has an overwhelming six billion followers around the ever shrinking globe. Even animals respond to music that's who they say.Most of the people told that they can't live or survive without music for them music is like their food,shelter and most important water.

Music is for every occasion- from partying to Rock 'n' Rolla disco, from everyday life to a wedding anniversary and even to a somber funeral, everything has music embedded in it. Its magic alright- though we never reap every beat has our vocal cords vibrating, it causes adrenal to pump throughout the body and every muscle aching jump on the dance floor.

So what is music? Well in a sense every sound produced from clapping two hands to slapping a person is music; The more recognized pundits define it as an arrangement of sounds in a pleasing sequence or combination to be sung; or played on instruments.

Well who cares about music in a prolonged sense- music are something universal, something unique, and something which is soothing to our heart, our senses, which makes our nerves calm down- the effect is simply astonishing. Its like a web you have been caught in, a web of music, a web in which where ever you go you find music, music to touch your heart, to take you, in a sense, under its control.

 

Trust

As we all know that in order to understand,co-operate,etc. living in a society all the people needs trust.Trust play a vital and dynamic role in our life. In order to win a person heart we should give the proper trust so they can know us properly.

              

                                                                Trust is defined in the dictionary as believing in someone. However, it is not that simple to understand. It goes into deeper meaning as we continue to live, grow and experience different challenges in life. Trust is believing in someone with your heart, knowing that he/she will cherish it as a treasure inside him/her.  There are different kinds of trust and these are: trust in family, trust in someone special and trust in friends. Our trust in family is of big importance because we have lived with them from the day we were born until we mature. Most of our secrets during our childhood are known by our family and we have deep trust in them because they took care of us.

               

                                          We have grown attached to them so they are the first to know our secrets most of the time. They know when we are acting strange or disturbed because they have known us since our childhood. We let them know almost everything about us. They are the ones we go back to when we do not have anywhere to go. Another kind of trust is trust in someone special or trust in our true love. He/she is the one who knows everything about us. We tell him/her everything that we keep inside ourselves because we believe in him/her and we have commitment with him/her. Sometimes it just takes time before we confide in him/her our secrets and other personal issues but we will surely tell him/her when we have really committed ourselves with him/her. There are no secrets between you two if you truly love each other. This is just a part of your commitment to each other. Another kind of trust is trust in friends.

happiness

One essential standard for living is being able to be happy. Happiness can be found in many different forms. It can be found with the purchasing of inanimate objects that better our living styles or it can be found with someone else that you associate with. The latter is the more imperative of the designs of happiness.

In order to be truly happy you need to be able to understand that everything is good within your own life and that you are able to be happy with the people that are in your life and the people that influence how you live your daily life.

Happiness is all of the good that someone experiences combined into one emotion. This emotion can, and usually does, bring out the best in people.

For someone to be happy they need to know that everything that has happened in their past has happened for a reason and that it has happened in order for them to become a better person. Not only does it make them a better person but it also makes them realize how good they have it or can possibly have it.Happiness is the key of success and a way to get a free life which gives a proper understanding between the other people  living in a happy,peace,mutual understanding etc in community.

So happiness is the way of getting harmony.